Tuesday, January 14, 2014

Murder, Justice, and Ethics Most Foul!

            Murder on the Orient Express is the first Agatha Christie book that I have read. In fact, it is the first murder-mystery that I have every read, so this was a new experience for me on many levels. I would say that it was a pleasant experience. Christie’s writing is clear and concise. She is not heavily descriptive but does not contrive moments when important clues are offered to the reader. It is an easy but fun read with a good twist in the end. It is the conclusion of the work that has left me thinking.


           
Spoiler Alert! This whole reflection is based on the conclusion of Christie’s book. So if you don’t want to know whodunit, then you probably should not continue reading. Seriously, stop reading. I may not say what happened, but I don’t want to be held responsible for ruining your fun and exciting read. So here comes the spoiler:

After reading Christie’s work I am left with the question, “when is it ok for a group of people to take justice in their own hands?” In this work a man commits a horrible crime and because of his connections with the mob and the money he has he is not convicted. The man is allowed to go free even though everyone knows he is guilty. Not only has this man murdered a kidnapped child, the characters in the book argue that he is responsible for the death of the child’s parents and one other person. Thus the man has the deaths of a multitude of people on his hands and he does not go to prison; he is not punished. To many in the book such an injustice cannot go unheeded and a group of people connected with the crime and family involved decide to take matters in their own hand. This man ends up murdered by twelve (or thirteen?) other people.
When is it ok for a group of people to take the law, or justice in their own hands? Were their actions just? Did they do the right thing? I hope this is not an easy question to answer.
First, we have a system of laws to keep society from resorting to a mob mentality. As a rule, the whim of the mob is seldom the best thing. Think of the scene in To Kill a Mockingbird when Atticus Finch is in front of the jail doing all that he can to keep a mob of men from lynching the innocent (although presumed guilty) Tom Robinson. The mob is seldom right (except in the random Simpsons episode) and the law is supposed to protect the individual from mob rule. Yet when that system of laws breaks and does not see that justice is served what then? The legal system is far from perfect. It can be manipulated. It can be misused. It can cause an innocent man to suffer and allow the guilty to go free. When this happens the purpose of the law falls away, people are not protected, and it is easy to see why some might feel that the best recourse would be to take matters into their own hands.
Second, consider the notion of justice. There are many different approaches and understandings to the concept of justice from MacIntyre to Rawls to Aristotle and many more. Justice could be a working towards equilibrium, a fair distribution of goods, or a punishment that is comparable to the crime. Justice could be relational and communal or abstract. However justice is understood, it is important to remember that the legal system is not always just and laws do not always serve the cause of justice. That is why our lawmakers have the power to change them. The system is constantly being fixed (and broken and fixed and broken). So in the case of The Orient Express one could argue that justice was not served, that an injustice was allowed to continue, and it was imperative that the group of people did whatever they could to make things right.
Third, consider the punishment of death. Is it just to take someone else’s life? I imagine that many, considering the man murdered a child and was responsible for the death of others, would say that it is right to take his life. They would argue that the crime is so severe that the only recourse would be to kill the man. What does that achieve? In his work Discipline and Punishment, Foucault considers the idea of the purpose and goal of punishment as a deterrent and corrective for the convicted. Taking a life may serve as a deterrent but offers no corrective, no option for penance and/or reform for the convict. Is the individual so far gone that his or her life no longer has any value? Leaving such a question up to a small group of people (not an impartial jury by any means) is dangerous at best.

            If I were to take issue with Christie’s work it is that this moral dilemma seems to be addressed very lightly. Hercule Poirot, the great thinker, does not give the matter deep thought, does not wrestle with what might be the “right” thing to do. What is important is that he solves the mystery. This gives short change to an important question that drives the motive and much of the book. Here is where I would encourage you to watch the movie.
 There are a number of television/film adaptations of this book. The 2010 version (AgathaChristie’s Poirot version that was on A and E) is one that shows the Poirot struggling with the ethical dilemma. Poirot is torn because he understands the danger of allowing a group of people take the law into his own hands. Yet he also understands the dilemma they faced and why they made the decision to murder a man who seemed to have sense of morality at all. This movie adaptation shows the pain and the worry and the anguish that Poirot wrestles with in deciding to not implicate the group of people. 


What is right? What is just? Christie’s book asks such questions but does not delve into them. I guess that is the difference between a fun mystery and a good novel.

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